php网站实现负载均衡的方法:1、准备好虚拟机;2、通过yum方式安装php;3、加入配置“pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid”;4、通过yum方式安装nginx;5、编写nginx启动脚本,添加配置为“NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"”。
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本教程操作环境:linux5.9.8系统、PHP8.1版、DELL G3电脑
nginx+php 实现代理与负载均衡 (1台nginx,2台php)
实验准备
3台虚拟机
192.168.239.136/192.168.239.140/192.168.239.144
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1 安装php 192.168.239.140/192.168.239.144
安装之前先做好这些准备工作(安装基础环境)
yum -y groupinstall "Development Tools" "Development Libraries" yum install -y epel-release yum install -y libxml2-devel.x86_64 openssl-devel.x86_64 bzip2-devel.x86_64 libjpeg-turbo-devel.x86_64 libjpeg-turbo-static.x86_64 libpng-devel.x86_64 libpng-static.x86_64 freetype-devel.x86_64 libstdc++ libstdc++-devel compat-libstdc++-33 libstdc++-static gcc libmcrypt-devel lrzsz gcc gcc-c++make man vim tree unzip wget curl lua-devel lua-static GeoIP GeoIP-develpatch libxml2-devel libxslt libxslt-devel gd gd-devel autoconf m4 pcre-devel.x86_64 pcre-static.x86_64 lrzsz ntp libcurl-devel.x86_64 libtool-ltdl-devel.x86_64
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下载php源码包到 /usr/local/srccd /usr/local/src
解压 cd 解压目录useradd -s /sbin/nologin php-fpm
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc--enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=php-fpm--with-fpm-group=php-fpm --with-mysql=mysqlnd--with-libxml-dir--with-gd --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir--with-iconv-dir --with-zlib-dir --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-ftp--enable-mbstring--enable-exif--enable-zend-multibyte --disable-ipv6 --with-pear --with-curl make && make installcp php.ini-development /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini拷贝配置文件cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm 拷贝启动脚本mv /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf.default/usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf> /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf vim !$ 加入如下配置[global] pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.piderror_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log [www] listen = 192.168.239.140:9000(IP是php本机IP或者0.0.0.0,不能是127.0.0.1)user = php-fpm group = php-fpmlisten.owner = nobody listen.group = nobody pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 50pm.start_servers = 20 pm.min_spare_servers = 5 pm.max_spare_servers = 35 pm.max_requests = 500 rlimit_files = 1024 slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/slow.logrequest_slowlog_timeout = 1php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/data/www/:/tmp//usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -tchmod 755 /etc/init.d/php-fpm/etc/init.d/php-fpm startnetstat -lnpt查看是否有监听192.168.239.140:9000mkdir -p /tmp/tmpvim /tmp/tmp/index.php 创建动态测试文件,写入如下dongtaiqingqiu 1
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2.第二台安装php(安装编译都不变,配置文件IP更改为 192.168.239.144:9000最后index.php 中dongtaiqingqiu 1改为dongtaiqingqiu2)
3.安装nginx
下载源码包到 /usr/local/srccd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
解压 cd 解压目录
yum install -y pcre-devel ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-pcre make make install
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4. 编写nginx启动脚本
vim /etc/init.d/nginx加入如下配置#!/bin/bash# chkconfig: - 30 21# description: http service.# Source Function Library. /etc/init.d/functions# Nginx SettingsNGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"RETVAL=0prog="Nginx"start() {echo -n $"Starting $prog: "mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_tempdaemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONFRETVAL=$?echoreturn $RETVAL}stop() {echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERMrm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_tempRETVAL=$?echoreturn $RETVAL}reload(){echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUPRETVAL=$?echoreturn $RETVAL}restart(){stopstart}configtest(){$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -treturn 0}case "$1" instart)start;;stop)stop;;reload)reload;;restart)restart;;configtest)configtest;;*)echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"RETVAL=1esacexit $RETVAL
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保存后,执行
chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx或者 chmod 755 !$ 修改权限 service nginx start启动nginx
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5. 配置反向代理
> /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confvim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf加入如下配置user nobody nobody; worker_processes 2;error_log /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log crit;pid /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;events{use epoll;worker_connections 6000; }http{include mime.types;default_type application/octet-stream;server_names_hash_bucket_size 3526; server_names_hash_max_size 4096;log_format combined_realip '$remote_addr $http_x_forwarded_for [$time_local]''$host "$request_uri" $status''"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent"';sendfile on;tcp_nopush on;keepalive_timeout 30;client_header_timeout 3m;client_body_timeout 3m;send_timeout 3m;connection_pool_size 256;client_header_buffer_size 1k;large_client_header_buffers 8 4k;request_pool_size 4k;output_buffers 4 32k;postpone_output 1460;client_max_body_size 10m;client_body_buffer_size 256k;client_body_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/client_body_temp;proxy_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/proxy_temp;fastcgi_temp_path /usr/local/nginx/fastcgi_temp;fastcgi_intercept_errors on;tcp_nodelay on;gzip on;gzip_min_length 1k;gzip_buffers 4 8k;gzip_comp_level 5;gzip_http_version 1.1;gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css text/htm application/xml;include vhosts/*.conf;}
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配置代理
mkdir /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhostsvi /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhosts/php.conf加入如下配置 upstream mysvr {#weigth参数表示权值,权值越高被分配到的几率越大server 192.168.239.144:9000weight=2;server 192.168.239.140:9000weight=1;}server{listen 80;server_name www.q.com;index index.html index.htm index.php;root /usr/local/nginx/html;location ~ \.php$ {include fastcgi_params;fastcgi_pass mysvr;fastcgi_index index.php;fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /tmp/tmp$fastcgi_script_name;}}/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 检测配置文件/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload(直接重新加载配置,不需要重启)vim /usr/local/nginx/html/1.html 创建静态测试文件,写入jingtaifangwen
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设置本地解析
修改windons hosts(地址 c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts)记事本打开,最下面添加一行配置
192.168.239.136 www.q.com
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测试:最好用谷歌浏览器 (如下显示 代理成功)
访问www.q.com 显示的是nginx 默认页
访问www.q.com/.html 显示的jingtaifangwen
访问www.q.com/index.php多刷新几次会显示 dongtaifangwen1 一次 dongtaifangwen2 两次
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